Manpages - getline.3

Table of Contents

NAME

getline, getdelim - delimited string input

SYNOPSIS

  #include <stdio.h>

  ssize_t getline(char **restrict lineptr, size_t *restrict n,
   FILE *restrict stream);
  ssize_t getdelim(char **restrict lineptr, size_t *restrict n,
   int delim, FILE *restrict stream);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see *feature_test_macros*(7)):

*getline*(), *getdelim*():

      Since glibc 2.10:
          _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809L
      Before glibc 2.10:
          _GNU_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

*getline*() reads an entire line from stream, storing the address of the buffer containing the text into *lineptr. The buffer is null-terminated and includes the newline character, if one was found.

If *lineptr is set to NULL before the call, then *getline*() will allocate a buffer for storing the line. This buffer should be freed by the user program even if *getline*() failed.

Alternatively, before calling *getline*(), *lineptr can contain a pointer to a *malloc*(3)-allocated buffer *n bytes in size. If the buffer is not large enough to hold the line, *getline*() resizes it with *realloc*(3), updating *lineptr and *n as necessary.

In either case, on a successful call, *lineptr and *n will be updated to reflect the buffer address and allocated size respectively.

*getdelim*() works like *getline*(), except that a line delimiter other than newline can be specified as the delimiter argument. As with *getline*(), a delimiter character is not added if one was not present in the input before end of file was reached.

RETURN VALUE

On success, *getline*() and *getdelim*() return the number of characters read, including the delimiter character, but not including the terminating null byte (’\0’). This value can be used to handle embedded null bytes in the line read.

Both functions return -1 on failure to read a line (including end-of-file condition). In the event of a failure, errno is set to indicate the error.

ERRORS

EINVAL
Bad arguments (n or lineptr is NULL, or stream is not valid).
ENOMEM
Allocation or reallocation of the line buffer failed.

ATTRIBUTES

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see *attributes*(7).

Interface Attribute Value
*getline*(), *getdelim*() Thread safety MT-Safe

CONFORMING TO

Both *getline*() and *getdelim*() were originally GNU extensions. They were standardized in POSIX.1-2008.

EXAMPLES

  #define _GNU_SOURCE
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>

  int
  main(int argc, char *argv[])
  {
      FILE *stream;
      char *line = NULL;
      size_t len = 0;
      ssize_t nread;

      if (argc != 2) {
          fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <file>\n", argv[0]);
          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }

      stream = fopen(argv[1], "r");
      if (stream == NULL) {
          perror("fopen");
          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }

      while ((nread = getline(&line, &len, stream)) != -1) {
          printf("Retrieved line of length %zd:\n", nread);
          fwrite(line, nread, 1, stdout);
      }

      free(line);
      fclose(stream);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
  }

SEE ALSO

*read*(2), *fgets*(3), *fopen*(3), *fread*(3), *scanf*(3)

COLOPHON

This page is part of release 5.13 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Author: dt

Created: 2022-02-20 Sun 15:48