Manpages - duplocale.3

Table of Contents

NAME

duplocale - duplicate a locale object

SYNOPSIS

  #include <locale.h>

  locale_t duplocale(locale_t locobj);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see *feature_test_macros*(7)):

*duplocale*():

      Since glibc 2.10:
          _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700
      Before glibc 2.10:
          _GNU_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

The *duplocale*() function creates a duplicate of the locale object referred to by locobj.

If locobj is LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, *duplocale*() creates a locale object containing a copy of the global locale determined by *setlocale*(3).

RETURN VALUE

On success, *duplocale*() returns a handle for the new locale object. On error, it returns (locale_t) 0, and sets errno to indicate the error.

ERRORS

ENOMEM
Insufficient memory to create the duplicate locale object.

VERSIONS

The *duplocale*() function first appeared in version 2.3 of the GNU C library.

CONFORMING TO

POSIX.1-2008.

NOTES

Duplicating a locale can serve the following purposes:

  • To create a copy of a locale object in which one of more categories are to be modified (using *newlocale*(3)).
  • To obtain a handle for the current locale which can used in other functions that employ a locale handle, such as *toupper_l*(3). This is done by applying *duplocale*() to the value returned by the following call:

    loc = uselocale((locale_t) 0);

    This technique is necessary, because the above uselocale*(3) call may return the value *LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, which results in undefined behavior if passed to functions such as toupper_l*(3). Calling *duplocale*() can be used to ensure that the *LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE value is converted into a usable locale object. See EXAMPLES, below.

Each locale object created by *duplocale*() should be deallocated using *freelocale*(3).

EXAMPLES

The program below uses *uselocale*(3) and *duplocale*() to obtain a handle for the current locale which is then passed to *toupper_l*(3). The program takes one command-line argument, a string of characters that is converted to uppercase and displayed on standard output. An example of its use is the following:

  $ ./a.out abc
  ABC

Program source

  #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
  #include <ctype.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <locale.h>

  #define errExit(msg)    do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
                          } while (0)

  int
  main(int argc, char *argv[])
  {
      locale_t loc, nloc;

      if (argc != 2) {
          fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s string\n", argv[0]);
          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }

      /* This sequence is necessary, because uselocale() might return
         the value LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, which can't be passed as an
         argument to toupper_l(). */

      loc = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
      if (loc == (locale_t) 0)
          errExit("uselocale");

      nloc = duplocale(loc);
      if (nloc == (locale_t) 0)
          errExit("duplocale");

      for (char *p = argv[1]; *p; p++)
          putchar(toupper_l(*p, nloc));

      printf("\n");

      freelocale(nloc);

      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
  }

SEE ALSO

*freelocale*(3), *newlocale*(3), *setlocale*(3), *uselocale*(3), *locale*(5), *locale*(7)

COLOPHON

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Author: dt

Created: 2022-02-20 Sun 14:34